Парализованные люди смогли управлять компьютером

1 171 комментарий / Научное и познавательное / От / 26.11.2018

Мозговой имплантат позволил парализованным управлять компьютером

Вживлённые в мозг имплантаты дали возможность парализованным пациентам использовать компьютер, в том числе выходить в Интернет, переписываться в чате и слушать музыку. Авторы исследования утверждают, что это первая работа, в которой показано, что парализованные могут пользоваться вживляемым интерфейсом «мозг — компьютер» для управления стандартным компьютером без специальных приложений. Результаты опубликованы в журнале PLOS One.

В рамках работы учёные подключили систему электродов под названием BrainGate2 к двигательным зонам коры головного мозга трёх людей с тетраплегией — параличом верхних и нижних конечностей. Устройство, считывающее активность нейронов, позволило превращать электрические сигналы в мозге в команды для стандартных современных компьютеров.

ЧИТАЙТЕ ТАКЖЕ
Ученые обеспечили мысленное общение трех людейТехнические науки

Мозговой имплантат реагировал на деятельность нервных клеток, когда испытуемые представляли, как они двигают курсором на экране компьютера. Эти сигналы затем передавались на виртуальную компьютерную мышь, которая была соединена с планшетным компьютером. Таким образом, используя только мысленное намерение подвинуть курсор и кликнуть мышью, три пациента смогли выполнить за компьютером некоторые действия, такие как прочитать электронную почту и воспользоваться браузером для выхода в Интернет.

Парализованная женщина посмотрела информацию об уходе за орхидеями, заказала продукты в онлайн-магазине и сыграла на пианино в соответствующем приложении. Она добавила, что пользоваться планшетом было удобно и это не вызвало никаких трудностей. Другой пациент решил отправить сообщения друзьям. Система также позволила двум пациентам пообщаться друг с другом.

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